What is the mechanism of action of yeast cell wall on cattle breeding

      The mechanism of action of yeast cell wall on cattle breeding is mainly reflected in the following aspects, combined with its component characteristics and physiological characteristics of ruminants, forming multidimensional regulatory effects:

1、 Optimize rumen microbiota and improve feed utilization efficiency

      Promote the proliferation of fiber degrading bacteria

      β - glucan selectively stimulates the activity of fiber degrading bacteria such as Helicobacter pylori and succinic acid producing filamentous bacteria in the rumen by providing a specific carbon source. Experiments have shown that adding 0.1% yeast cell wall can increase cellulase activity by 18% and neutral detergent fiber digestibility by 4.2%.

Adjust rumen pH value

      Mannan maintains pH stability (ideal range 6.2-6.8) by adsorbing excess lactic acid in the rumen. When the high-precision feed diet leads to a decrease in pH, the rumen propionic acid concentration in the yeast cell wall group decreases by 12% and butyric acid concentration increases by 9%, effectively alleviating the risk of acidosis.

2、 Enhance immune function and reduce incidence rate

Activate innate immune response

      β - glucan binds to the Dectin-1 receptor on the surface of bovine monocytes, activating the NF - κ B pathway and promoting the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors such as IL-6 and TNF - α. Adding 200mg/kg yeast cell wall to the diet of calves resulted in a 15% increase in serum IgG levels and a 22% increase in survival rate after E. coli infection.

      Inhibit the colonization of pathogenic bacteria

      Mannose oligosaccharides competitively bind to type I pili of Salmonella and Escherichia coli by mimicking the mannose receptors of intestinal epithelial cells, reducing their adhesion in the intestine. During the high incidence period of calf diarrhea, adding 1% yeast cell wall can reduce the diarrhea rate by 38%.

3、 Absorb fungal toxins to ensure health

      Physical and chemical adsorption

      The porous structure of the cell wall (with a pore size of approximately 2-50nm) adsorbs toxins such as aflatoxin B1 and zearalenone through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. In vitro experiments have shown that yeast cell walls have an adsorption rate of 85% for aflatoxin B1 and 72% for vomitoxin.

Reduce toxin toxicity

      The adsorbed toxin polysaccharide complex cannot be degraded by rumen microorganisms and is directly excreted from the body to avoid liver damage. Adding 500g/t yeast cell wall to the diet of dairy cows can reduce the activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the blood by 20%, indicating a reduction in liver detoxification burden.

4、 Improve milk quality and production performance

Promote microbial protein synthesis

      The nucleotides and amino acid precursors in the yeast cell wall provide nutrients for rumen microorganisms, increasing microbial protein production by 15%. Adding yeast cell walls to early lactating cows increased the milk protein rate from 3.1% to 3.4% and lactose content by 0.2%.

Relieve heat stress

      Under high temperature conditions, yeast cell walls activate the Nrf2 pathway, increase serum SOD activity (by 25%), reduce MDA content (by 30%), and alleviate oxidative damage. In the continuous high temperature experiment at 35 ℃, the daily water intake of the cows in the addition group decreased by 8%, and the decrease in milk production was reduced by 50% compared to the control group.

5、 Typical application cases

      Calf cultivation: Adding 1000mg/kg yeast cell wall during weaning reduced diarrhea rate by 45% and increased daily weight gain by 12%.

      Lactating cows: Adding 0.3% yeast cell wall to the diet increases milk fat percentage by 0.3 percentage points and reduces somatic cell count (SCC) by 28%.

      Beef cattle fattening: Adding yeast cell walls to high grain diets reduces the feed to meat ratio from 2.8:1 to 2.5:1 and increases the marble pattern score by 0.5 levels.

6、 Precautions for use

      Dose optimization: The recommended dosage varies at different physiological stages (0.5-1% for calves and 0.3-0.5% for adults), and excessive dosage may inhibit rumen fermentation.

      Compatibility synergy: Combined with enzyme preparations (such as xylanase) can enhance fiber degradation efficiency, and combined with probiotics (such as Bacillus subtilis) can improve intestinal microbiota stability.

      Storage conditions: Avoid high temperature and humidity. After opening, seal and store to prevent degradation of active ingredients.

      Yeast cell walls have become an important green solution for modern cattle farming to address feed mold, disease prevention and control, and improve quality and efficiency by regulating rumen function, immune response, and metabolic efficiency through multiple targets.